- the bacterial cell (E.Coli) has been transformed by the addition of recombinant DNA.
- the black circle, in the image, represents the plasmid DNA and the yellow dot, in the image, represents the human DNA (insulin gene in this instance)
- a culture of this bacteria (large population) will be injected into the fermenter.
- necessary to provide the culture nutrient, necessary to control the temp. and the pH and also the gases that are in the fermenting chamber.
- by creating the optimal temperature for bacterial growth, we will see this population increase and we will see the bacteria manufacture the protein insulin by switching on the gene for insulin.
- the bacteria inside the fermenter will manufacture the insulin protein from the nutrient provided (amino acids)
- it will be necessary to remove the product and carry out purification (many processes required for human use) - this is called Downstream processing
- the genetically engineered human insulin is called 'Humulin'
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